| Description | This System was adopted by the BGN in 1946 and by the PCGN in 1956
and is applied in the systematic romanization of geographic names in
Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
Uniform results in the romanization of Arabic are difficult to
obtain, since vowel points and diacritical marks are generally omitted
from both manual and machine writing. It follows that for correct
identification of the words which appear in any particular name,
knowledge of its standard Arabic- script spelling including proper
pointing, and recognition of dialectal and idiosyncratic deviations are
essential.
In order to bring about uniformity in the Roman-script spelling of
geographic names in Arabic- language areas, the system is based insofar
as possible on fully pointed modern standard Arabic. In the interest of
clarity, vowel pointing has been applied to the examples below. Arabic
is written from right to left, and does not make a distinction between
upper and lower case.
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